Quiz: do you understand basic dog body language?

Short answer: dogs communicate through posture, tail, ears, gaze, mouth and sounds, and the same signal has different meanings depending on the whole and the context. This quiz helps you recognize signs of relaxation, stress and alertness. It is informational and does not replace assessment by a vet or a behavior professional.

How to use it

Read each description and think about what the dog may be communicating. The answer follows.

Questions

1. The dog wags its tail broadly and loosely, with a relaxed body. Likely: contentment. But note: tail wagging does not always mean happiness.
2. The tail wags stiffly, held high, with a tense body. Likely: excitement or alertness, sometimes before a defensive reaction.
3. The dog repeatedly licks its muzzle and yawns at odd moments. Likely: signs of stress or discomfort.
4. The dog turns its head or body to the side, looking away. Likely: an attempt to calm the situation.
5. Low body, tail between the legs, ears back. Likely: fear or insecurity.
6. It shows the whites of its eyes (side-eye) and goes still. Likely: tension. Approaching may be risky.
7. A play bow (front legs low, rear raised), with loose movements. Likely: an invitation to play.
8. Raised hair along the back, a fixed stare and a growl. Likely: a warning that it feels threatened. Respect it and give space.
9. Belly up. Likely: it can be relaxation or submission, depending on the body and context. Not every dog wants a belly rub.
10. Panting in a cool environment, pacing back and forth. Likely: anxiety.

Important tips

• Observe the whole: tail, ears, eyes, mouth, posture and context.
• Respect signs that the dog wants space, especially around children.
• Avoid punishment, which can hide warning signs and increase risk.
• Reward calm and the choice to move away.
• Every dog is unique. Learn your own dog's repertoire.

Safety

Never force contact with a dog that gives signs of discomfort. For frequent growling, bites or intense fear, see a vet and an animal behavior professional.

Limits of the quiz

Signals vary between individuals and breeds, and interpretation is probabilistic. This quiz is an introduction, not a diagnosis.